Takulandilani ku Gawo Lathu Lathunthu la FAQ
Kuyendera zovuta zakutumiza katundu kuchokera ku China kungakhale kovuta, koma tabwera kuti tithandizire. Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Kawirikawiri (FAQ) gawo lapangidwa kuti likupatseni chidziwitso chomveka bwino, chachidule, komanso chofunikira kuti muwongolere njira yanu yotumizira. Kuchokera pakumvetsetsa mtengo wotumizira ndi nthawi zamaulendo mpaka kudziwa zolembedwa zofunika ndi mautumiki ophatikiza, takuthandizani.
Kaya ndinu obwera kuchokera kunja kapena ndinu watsopano kudziko lazogulitsa, ma FAQ awa athana ndi nkhawa zanu zomwe zikukuvutitsani ndikukupatsani zidziwitso zomwe mungafune kuti muzitha kutumiza mwachangu komanso moyenera. Ngati muli ndi mafunso owonjezera, chonde omasuka kulumikizana ndi gulu lathu la akatswiri kwa chithandizo chaumwini.
Ndalama zotumizira zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi njira yotumizira, kulemera kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa katunduyo, komanso dziko lomwe mukupita.
Fikirani kwa wotumiza katundu pezani mawu olondola.
Nthawi yotumiza kuchokera ku China kupita ku US zimatengera njira yotumizira yosankhidwa:
- Katundu Wandege:
- Kutumiza kwa Express (mwachitsanzo, DHL, FedEx, UPS): Nthawi zambiri zimatengera masiku 3-5.
- Standard Air Freight: Kawirikawiri amatenga masiku 5-10.
- Zonyamula Panyanja:
- FCL (Katundu Wathunthu Wachidebe): Nthawi zambiri amatenga masiku 20-30 kutengera doko lochokera ndi kopita.
- LCL (Yochepa ndi Katundu wa Chotengera): Zofanana ndi FCL, koma zitha kutenga nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri masiku 25-35 chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kowonjezera ndi njira zochepetsera.
Zomwe Zikukhudza Nthawi Yotumizira:
- Doko Lolowera: Madoko akulu ngati Los Angeles, Long Beach, ndi New York atha kukhala ndi nthawi yosinthira mwachangu poyerekeza ndi madoko ang'onoang'ono.
- Malipiro akasitomu: Kuchedwetsa kumatha kuchitika ngati zolembedwa sizikukwanira kapena ngati pali zovuta ndi katundu omwe akutumizidwa.
- Zosiyanasiyana za Nyengo: Nyengo zapamwamba monga Chaka Chatsopano cha China kapena nyengo ya tchuthi zitha kubweretsa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zotumiza.
Fikirani kwa wotumiza katundu pezani mawu olondola.
Mtengo wotumizira kuchokera ku China ungasiyane kwambiri kutengera zinthu zingapo:
- Njira Yotumizira:
- Katundu Wandege: Nthawi zambiri okwera mtengo koma mwachangu. Mtengo ukhoza kuyambira $4 mpaka $10 pa kilogalamu kutengera ntchito (muyezo kapena kufotokoza) ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu.
- Zonyamula Panyanja:
- FCL (Katundu Wathunthu Wachidebe): Mtengo ukhoza kusiyanasiyana kutengera kukula kwa chidebecho (mapazi 20 kapena 40) ndi komwe mukupita. Mwachitsanzo, kutumiza chidebe cha 40-foot kupita ku US kungakhale kuyambira $ 3,000 kwa $ 7,000.
- LCL (Yochepa ndi Katundu wa Chotengera): Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ndi voliyumu (ma kiyubiki mita). Mtengo ukhoza kuyambira $ 80 mpaka $ 200 pa kiyubiki mita.
- Katundu Wa Sitima: Zocheperako komwe amapita ku US koma nthawi zambiri zimadula pakati zonyamula ndege komanso zapanyanja.
- DDP (Yapulumutsa Ntchito): Izi zikuphatikiza zolipiritsa zonse zotumizira, zamakasitomala, ndi zotumizira mpaka komwe wogula ali. Mitengo imasiyanasiyana koma nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo mtengo wa katundu, mtengo wotumizira, inshuwaransi, msonkho wa kunja, ndi misonkho. DDP ikhoza kuwonjezera zina 10% kuti 20% ku mtengo wonse wa kutumiza, kutengera dziko lenileni ndi mtundu wazinthu.
Mtengo Woyerekeza:
| Njira Yotumizira | Kufotokozera | Mtengo woyerekeza |
|---|---|---|
| Katundu Wandege (Express) | masiku 3-5 | $ 6 - $ 10 pa kg |
| Katundu Wandege (Standard) | masiku 5-10 | $ 4 - $ 8 pa kg |
| Zonyamula Panyanja (FCL) | masiku 20-30 | $3,000 - $7,000 pa chidebe cha 40-foot |
| Zonyamula Panyanja (LCL) | masiku 25-35 | $80 - $200 pa CBM |
| DDP (Yapulumutsa Ntchito) | Zimasintha | + 10% mpaka 20% ya mtengo wonse |
Fikirani kwa wotumiza katundu pezani mawu olondola.
Zolemba zomwe zimafunikira pakulowetsa katundu kuchokera ku China ndi monga:
- Inivoyisi yamalonda
- Mndandanda wazolongedza
- Bill of Lading (yonyamula panyanja) kapena Bili ya Airway (yonyamula ndege)
- Satifiketi Yoyambira
- Zolemba Zadziko/Dera:
- Chitsimikizo cha CCPIT Invoice
- Saudi Arabia SABER Certification
- Korea Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
- Mgwirizano wa Zamalonda Zaulere ku Australia (FTA)
- Chitsimikizo cha ASEAN cha Origin (Fomu E)
- Mgwirizano wa China-Chile Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
- Chitsimikizo cha US FDA
- Chitsimikizo cha European Union CE
- ROHS (Kuletsa Zinthu Zowopsa) Certification
- Chitsimikizo cha REACH (Kulembetsa, Kuunika, Kuvomerezeka, ndi Kuletsa Kwamankhwala)
- Africa ECTN (Electronic Cargo Tracking Note)
- PVOC (Pre-Export Verification of Conformity)
- COC (Chitsimikizo cha Conformity)
- SONCAP (Standard Organisation of Nigeria Conformity Assessment Program)
- Embassy Legalization
- CIQ (China Inspection and Quarantine) Satifiketi
Zolembazi zimatsimikizira kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo amalonda apadziko lonse lapansi komanso kumathandizira kuti pakhale chilolezo chokhazikika. Ndi m'pofunika kukaonana ndi wanu wotumiza katundu kapena broker wamasitomu kuti atsimikizire zolembedwa zenizeni zomwe zimafunikira pakutumiza kwanu komanso dziko lomwe mukupita.
Otumiza katundu ambiri amapereka ntchito zolondolera kudzera pamasamba awo kapena nsanja zolondolera. Mudzafunika nambala yotsatira yomwe mwapatsidwa wotumiza katundu.
Kuyika bwino ndikofunikira. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zolimba, zotchingira zokwanira, ndi zotchingira madzi ngati kuli kofunikira. Anu wotumiza katundu atha kupereka ntchito zonyamula katundu kapena malangizo.
Inde, timapereka ntchito zophatikiza. Ngati mukugula katundu kuchokera kumafakitale angapo kapena ogulitsa ku China, mutha kutumiza izi ku imodzi mwazosungira zathu kapena kukonza zoti titenge katunduyo ndikubweretsa kunkhokwe yathu. Katundu onse akafika, tidzayesa kulemera kwake ndi kuchuluka kwake kuti tisankhe mtundu wa chidebe choyenera. Kenako tikhoza kuphatikiza katunduyu mu chidebe chimodzi kuti atumizidwe.
Mwa kuphatikiza katundu wambiri mu chidebe chimodzi, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri mtengo wotumizira. Chonde kambiranani izi ndi anu wotumiza katundu kuonetsetsa njira yotumizira yotsika mtengo komanso yothandiza kwambiri.
Njira zodziwika bwino zotumizira ndi kutumiza katundu wandege, zonyamula panyanja, komanso kutumiza mwachangu. Kusankha kumatengera zinthu monga bajeti, changu, komanso mtundu wa katundu.
Misonkho ndi misonkho zimasiyanasiyana kutengera dziko komanso mtundu wazinthu. Ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi akuluakulu a kasitomu m'dziko lomwe mukupita kapena kufunsana ndi kwanu wotumiza katundu.
Choyamba, funsani anu wotumiza katundu kuti ndipeze zosintha. Ngati katunduyo watayika kapena wachedwa kwambiri, mungafunike kupereka chigamulo. Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi inshuwaransi yoyenera pazochitika zotere.
